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Home > Glossary

Glossary

Coinscipher.com’s full crypto terms and their definition

Glossary

TermDefinition
AddressA code used to send, receive, or store cryptocurrency.
AltcoinAny cryptocurrency other than Bitcoin.
Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)Hardware used specifically for mining certain cryptocurrencies, like Bitcoin.
AirdropA marketing campaign that distributes a specific cryptocurrency or token to an individual’s digital wallet, usually for free.
All-Time High (ATH)Used to describe the highest price point that a particular cryptocurrency has achieved.
Bear MarketA market condition where the prices of cryptocurrencies are falling, encouraging selling.
BitcoinThe first decentralized cryptocurrency, and currently the largest by market cap.
BlockchainA type of distributed ledger that stores list of records, called blocks, which are linked using cryptography.
Bull MarketA market condition where the prices of cryptocurrencies are rising, encouraging buying.
Cold StorageA method of storing cryptocurrencies offline to prevent hacking attempts.
CryptocurrencyA type of digital or virtual currency that uses cryptography for security.
Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO)An organization that is run by rules encoded in smart contracts on the blockchain.
Decentralized Application (Dapp)An application that runs on a decentralized network, eliminating a central point of control.
Decentralized Finance (DeFi)The use of blockchain technologies to replicate and improve upon traditional financial systems.
ERC-20A standard for creating tokens on the Ethereum blockchain.
EthereumAn open-source, blockchain-based platform that enables developers to build and deploy decentralized applications. It is also the name of a cryptocurrency (Ether) that fuels the Ethereum network.
ExchangeA platform used to trade cryptocurrencies for other assets, such as other digital currencies or traditional fiat currencies.
FiatTraditional government-issued currency, such as USD, EUR, or JPY.
Fear Of Missing Out (FOMO)The urge to buy when the price of a cryptocurrency starts increasing rapidly.
ForkA situation where a blockchain splits into two separate chains.
GasA measure of computational effort in Ethereum.
HalvingAn event where the reward for mining new blocks is halved.
HashA cryptographic function that converts an input (or ‘message’) into a fixed-size string of bytes.
HODLA term derived from a misspelling of “hold” that refers to buy-and-hold strategies in the context of bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies.
Hot WalletA wallet that is connected to the internet and capable of making immediate transactions.
Initial Coin Offering (ICO)A type of crowd-funding using cryptocurrencies.
ImmutableA property of the blockchain, where data once written cannot be changed or removed.
InteroperabilityThe ability of different blockchain protocols to work and interact with each other.
Joy Of Missing Out (JOMO)The pleasure derived from spending time ‘offline’ or from not following the herd to buy an asset that is increasing in price.
Know Your Customer (KYC)A process of verifying the identity of customers by businesses.
LeverageUsing debt to amplify the potential returns of an investment. In cryptocurrency trading, it means using borrowed capital to open a trading position.
Lightning NetworkA “second layer” payment protocol that operates on top of a blockchain (mostly Bitcoin).
MiningThe process of validating new transactions and recording them on the global ledger (blockchain).
NodeA computer that participatesin a blockchain network. Nodes contribute to the network’s functionality by validating and relaying transactions while maintaining a copy of the full blockchain.
OraclesThird-party services that feed smart contracts with external information. They serve as bridges between blockchains and the outside world.
Peer-to-Peer (P2P)A decentralized form of interaction between parties in a market. In a P2P network, two parties interact directly with each other.
Private KeyA cryptographic key that is used to access a user’s cryptocurrency.
Public KeyA cryptographic code that allows users to receive cryptocurrencies into their accounts.
Quantum ComputingA type of computation that harnesses the power of atoms and molecules to perform memory and processing tasks. It could potentially break the cryptographic security that underpins blockchain technology.
RektA term borrowed from gaming that refers to someone suffering a severe financial loss.
Satoshi NakamotoThe name used by the person or group of people who created Bitcoin.
Smart ContractA self-executing contract with the terms of the agreement directly written into lines of code.
TokenIn the context of blockchain, a token is a digital identity for something that can be owned.
WalletA digital tool that allows users to make electronic transactions.
WhaleAn individual or organization that holds a large amount of a cryptocurrency.
Yield FarmingA practice in DeFi that involves lending out cryptocurrencies in exchange for interest and fees.
Zero-Knowledge ProofA cryptographic technique which allows one party (the prover) to prove to another party (the verifier) that they know a value x, without conveying any information apart from the fact that they know the value x.
Block RewardThe reward given to a miner after successfully hashing (or solving) a transaction block.
Consensus MechanismThe method by which a blockchain network reaches agreement on the state of the ledger. Examples include Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS).
Cryptographic Hash FunctionA function used in the encryption process that converts an input into a string of characters.
DecentralizationThe process of distributing or dispersing functions, powers, people or things away from a central location or authority.
Digital SignatureA mathematical scheme for verifying the authenticity of a digital message or document. In cryptocurrencies, it’s used to provide proof of ownership.
Double SpendingThe risk that a digital currency can be spent twice.
Dust TransactionsIn the context of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, dust refers to a very small amount of coins or tokens.
Genesis BlockThe first block in any blockchain.
Hash RateThe speed at which a compute is completing an operation in the Bitcoin code.
Layer 2 SolutionsTechnologies or systems designed to help scale your blockchain application by handling transactions off the main Ethereum chain (layer 1).
MempoolA mechanism used by a blockchain node to hold the transactions that are waiting to be picked up by miners.
NonceA nonce (“number only used once”) in a blockchain context is a number added to a hashed block, that, when rehashed, meets the difficulty level restrictions.
Pump and DumpA fraudulent practice where the price of a cryptocurrency is artificially inflated (“pumped”) to attract unsuspecting buyers, after which the price is suddenly allowed to fall (“dumped”).
ShardingA method used to increase the number of transactions a blockchain can process at one time.
SegWit (Segregated Witness)The process where the block size limit on a blockchain is increased by removing signature data from Bitcoin transactions.
TxShort for transaction.
UTXO (Unspent Transaction Output)A specific output in a transaction that the user can spend.
ValidatorIn Proof-of-Stake (PoS) blockchains, validators are nodes that are chosen to create a new block in the network.
VolatilityRefers to the price changes of a financial asset, such as a cryptocurrency, over time.
WatchlistA feature on many trading platforms that allows users to monitor selected cryptocurrencies.
XBTAn abbreviation for Bitcoin, commonly used on financial trading platforms.
51% AttackA potential attack on the network where a single entity or group gains control of the majority of the network’s mining power.
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